Science

 31 AUGUST 2018

VOL 361, ISSUE 6405

·        Special Issue

Technologies Transforming Biology

INTRODUCTIONTO SPECIAL ISSUE

Power couple:Science and technology

BY STEVEMAO, VALDA VINSON

SCIENCE31 AUG 2018 : 864-865 

REVIEWS

CRISPR-Casguides the future of genetic engineering

BY GAVIN J.KNOTT, JENNIFER A. DOUDNA

SCIENCE31 AUG 2018 : 866-869 

Emergingapplications for DNA writers and molecular recorders

BY FAHIMFARZADFARD, TIMOTHY K. LU

SCIENCE31 AUG 2018 : 870-875 

Single-particlecryo-EM—How did it get here and where will it go

BY YIFANCHENG

SCIENCE31 AUG 2018 : 876-880 

Visualizing anddiscovering cellular structures with super-resolution microscopy

BY YARONM. SIGAL, RUOBO ZHOU, XIAOWEI ZHUANG

SCIENCE31 AUG 2018 : 880-887 

THIS WEEKIN SCIENCE

Researchin Science journals.

SCIENCE31 AUG 2018 : 888 

EDITORIAL

Revolutionarytechnologies

BY JEREMY BERG

SCIENCE31 AUG 2018 : 827 

EDITORS'CHOICE

This week inother journals.

SCIENCE31 AUG 2018 : 889 

PRODUCTS& MATERIALS

New Products

SCIENCE31 AUG 2018 : 929 

A weekly roundupof information on newly offered instrumentation, apparatus, and laboratorymaterials of potential interest to researchers.

IN BRIEF

News at a glance

SCIENCE31 AUG 2018 : 828-829 

A roundup ofweekly science policy and related news.

IN DEPTH

Can a transgenicchestnut restore a forest icon?

BY GABRIEL POPKIN

SCIENCE31 AUG 2018 : 830-831 

Researchers seekpermit to release American chestnut engineered to resist a deadly blight.

New pain drugsmay lower overdose and addiction risk

BY ROBERT F. SERVICE

SCIENCE31 AUG 2018 : 831-832 

By slowing action or targeting differentreceptors, altered opioids or alternatives aim to sidestep abuse.

Hybridizationmay give some parasites a leg up

BY ELIZABETH PENNISI

SCIENCE31 AUG 2018 : 832-833 

Genomic study helps explain howschistosomiasis gained a foothold in Europe.

Amid fears ofidea theft, NIH targets foreign funding links

BY JOCELYN KAISER, DAVID MALAKOFF

SCIENCE31 AUG 2018 : 834 

Agency reminds applicants to report allgrant sources, warns against violating confidentiality of peer review.

In dogs, CRISPRfixes a muscular dystrophy

BY JON COHEN

SCIENCE31 AUG 2018 : 835 

Treatment repairs gene in beagles byfurther mutating it, but human trials are far off.

Social sciencestudies get a ‘generous’ test

BY KELLYSERVICK

SCIENCE31 AUG 2018 : 836 

New replicationeffort aimed to detect effects overstated in the original reports.

FEATURE

The Alzheimer'sgamble

BY JOCELYN KAISER

SCIENCE31 AUG 2018 : 838-841 

Can the NationalInstitute on Aging turn a funding windfall into a treatment for the dreadedbrain disease?

WORKING LIFE

The detour thatbecame a shortcut

BY SIDNEY F. GOUVEIA

SCIENCE31 AUG 2018 : 942 

LETTERS

Protecting U.S.temporary waterways

BY JONATHANC. MARSHALL, VICENÇ ACUÑA, DANIEL C. ALLEN, NÚRIABONADA, ANDREW J. BOULTON, STEPHANIE M. CARLSON, CLIFFORD N. DAHM, THIBAULTDATRY, CATHERINE LEIGH, PETER NEGUS, JOHN S.RICHARDSON, SERGI SABATER, R. JAN STEVENSON, ALISHA L.STEWARD, RACHEL STUBBINGTON, KLEMENT TOCKNER, ROSS VANDER VORSTE

SCIENCE31 AUG 2018 : 856-857 

Privacy andgenetic genealogy data

BY ELLEN M. GREYTAK, DAVID H. KAYE, BRUCEBUDOWLE, CECE MOORE, STEVEN L. ARMENTROUT

SCIENCE31 AUG 2018 : 857 

Chile's salmonescape demands action

BY DANIELGOMEZ-UCHIDA, MARITZA SEPÚLVEDA, BILLY ERNST, TAMARA A.CONTADOR, SERGIO NEIRA, CHRIS HARROD

SCIENCE31 AUG 2018 : 857-858 

BOOKS ETAL.

A presidentamplifies unlikely activists

BY LOUISEFABIANI

SCIENCE31 AUG 2018 : 854 

In dispatchesfrom the front lines of global warming, Mary Robinson pushes for humane climatepolicies

Understandingthe double slit

BY MÉLANIE FRAPPIER

SCIENCE31 AUG 2018 : 855 

Glimpses of quantum truth appear indiverse interpretations of the famous physics experiment

The Book of Why:The New Science of Cause and Effect

SCIENCE31 AUG 2018 : 855 

POLICY FORUM

Global carbonintensity of crude oil production

BY MOHAMMAD S.MASNADI, HASSAN M. EL-HOUJEIRI, DOMINIK SCHUNACK, YUNPOLI, JACOB G. ENGLANDER, ALHASSAN BADAHDAH, JEAN-CHRISTOPHEMONFORT, JAMES E. ANDERSON, TIMOTHY J. WALLINGTON, JOULE A.BERGERSON, DEBORAH GORDON, JONATHAN KOOMEY, STEVENPRZESMITZKI, INÊS L. AZEVEDO, XIAOTAO T. BI, JAMES E.DUFFY, GARVIN A. HEATH, GREGORY A. KEOLEIAN, CHRISTOPHEMCGLADE, D. NATHAN MEEHAN, SONIA YEH, FENGQI YOU, MICHAELWANG, ADAM R. BRANDT

SCIENCE31 AUG 2018 : 851-853 

New data enabletargeted policy to lessen GHG emissions

PERSPECTIVES

Venoms to therescue

BY MANDËHOLFORD, MARYMEGAN DALY, GLENN F. KING, RAYMOND S. NORTON

SCIENCE31 AUG 2018 : 842-844 

Insights intothe evolutionary biology of venoms are leading to therapeutic advances

From oncogenicmutation to dynamic code

BY WALTER KOLCH, CHRISTINA KIEL

SCIENCE31 AUG 2018 : 844-845 

Oncogenic BRAF mutations can distortdownstream signaling outcomes

Insect threatsto food security

BY MARKUS RIEGLER

SCIENCE31 AUG 2018 : 846 

Pest damage to crops will increasesubstantially in many regions as the planet continues to warm

The reemergenceof yellow fever

BY ALAN D. T. BARRETT

SCIENCE31 AUG 2018 : 847-848 

Since 2016, yellow fever outbreaks havebecome a major public health concern

Fusion oncogenes—geneticmusical chairs

BY MARCIN IMIELINSKI, MARC LADANYI

SCIENCE31 AUG 2018 : 848-849 

Ewing sarcoma–driver fusion genes canresult from complex genomic rearrangements

18 electrons andcounting

BY P. B.ARMENTROUT

SCIENCE31 AUG 2018 : 849-850 

The bonding rulefor transition metal complexes now extends to alkaline earth octacarbonyls

ASSOCIATIONAFFAIRS

Emergingscientific technologies help defend human rights

BY ANNE Q.HOY

SCIENCE31 AUG 2018 : 859-860 

Scientistsleverage advancing tools to gather evidence and expand the capacity of humanrights groups

AAAS annualelection: Preliminary announcement

SCIENCE31 AUG 2018 : 860 

Federal researchfunding aims to ease societal challenges

BY ANNE Q.HOY

SCIENCE31 AUG 2018 : 861 

A key goal is tospread access to scientific excellence and federal research funding nationwide

RESEARCHARTICLES

Cancer mutationsand targeted drugs can disrupt dynamic signal encoding by the Ras-Erk pathway

BY L. J.BUGAJ, A. J. SABNIS, A. MITCHELL, J. E. GARBARINO, J. E.TOETTCHER, T. G. BIVONA, W. A. LIM

SCIENCE31 AUG 2018 

Light-activatedsignaling allows analysis of cell signal processing.

Rearrangementbursts generate canonical gene fusions in bone and soft tissue tumors

BY NATHANIEL D. ANDERSON, RICHARD DE BORJA, MATTHEW D.YOUNG, FABIO FULIGNI, ANDREJ ROSIC, NICOLA D.ROBERTS, SIMON HAJJAR, MEHDI LAYEGHIFARD, ANANOVOKMET, PAUL E. KOWALSKI, MATTHEW ANAKA, SCOTTDAVIDSON, MEHDI ZARREI, BADR ID SAID, L. CHRISTINESCHREINER, REMI MARCHAND, JOSEPH SITTER, NALANGOKGOZ, LEDIA BRUNGA, GARRETT T. GRAHAM, ANTHONYFULLAM, NISCHALAN PILLAY, JEFFREY A. TORETSKY, AKIHIKOYOSHIDA, TATSUHIRO SHIBATA, MARKUS METZLER, GINO R.SOMERS, STEPHEN W. SCHERER, ADRIENNE M. FLANAGAN, PETER J.CAMPBELL, JOSHUA D. SCHIFFMAN, MARY SHAGO, LUDMIL B.ALEXANDROV, JAY S. WUNDER, IRENE L. ANDRULIS, DAVIDMALKIN, SAM BEHJATI, ADAM SHLIEN

SCIENCE31 AUG 2018 

The gene fusions driving sarcoma growthoften arise by the formation of dramatic genomic loops that rearrange manygenes.

Developmentalbarcoding of whole mouse via homing CRISPR

BY REZA KALHOR, KIAN KALHOR, LEO MEJIA, KATHLEENLEEPER, AMANDA GRAVELINE, PRASHANT MALI, GEORGE M. CHURCH

SCIENCE31 AUG 2018 

Multiple, independent barcoding elementsenable lineage tracing in the whole mouse embryo during brain development andpatterning.

Genomic andepidemiological monitoring of yellow fever virus transmission potential

BY N. R.FARIA, M. U. G. KRAEMER, S. C. HILL, J. GOES DE JESUS, R.S. AGUIAR, F. C. M. IANI, J. XAVIER, J. QUICK, L. DUPLESSIS, S. DELLICOUR, J. THÉZÉ, R. D. O. CARVALHO, G.BAELE, C.-H. WU, P. P. SILVEIRA, M. B. ARRUDA, M. A.PEREIRA, G. C. PEREIRA, J. LOURENÇO, U. OBOLSKI, L.ABADE, T. I. VASYLYEVA, M. GIOVANETTI, D. YI, D. J.WEISS, G. R. W. WINT, F. M. SHEARER, S. FUNK, B.NIKOLAY, V. FONSECA, T. E. R. ADELINO, M. A. A.OLIVEIRA, M. V. F. SILVA, L. SACCHETTO, P. O.FIGUEIREDO, I. M. REZENDE, E. M. MELLO, R. F. C. SAID, D.A. SANTOS, M. L. FERRAZ, M. G. BRITO, L. F. SANTANA, M. T.MENEZES, R. M. BRINDEIRO, A. TANURI, F. C. P. DOSSANTOS, M. S. CUNHA, J. S. NOGUEIRA, I. M. ROCCO, A. C. DACOSTA, S. C. V. KOMNINAKIS, V. AZEVEDO, A. O. CHIEPPE, E.S. M. ARAUJO, M. C. L. MENDONÇA, C. C. DOS SANTOS, C. D. DOS SANTOS, A.M. MARES-GUIA, R. M. R. NOGUEIRA, P. C. SEQUEIRA, R. G.ABREU, M. H. O. GARCIA, A. L. ABREU, O. OKUMOTO, E. G.KROON, C. F. C. DE ALBUQUERQUE, K. LEWANDOWSKI, S. T.PULLAN, M. CARROLL, T. DE OLIVEIRA, E. C. SABINO, R. P.SOUZA, M. A. SUCHARD, P. LEMEY, G. S. TRINDADE, B. P.DRUMOND, A. M. B. FILIPPIS, N. J. LOMAN, S. CAUCHEMEZ, L.C. J. ALCANTARA, O. G. PYBUS

SCIENCE31 AUG 2018 : 894-899 

MinION genomicand case data on a recent yellow fever epidemic indicate that most infectionsoccurred during visits to forest regions.

REPORTS

The spatialfootprint of injection wells in a global compilation of induced earthquakesequences

BY THOMASH. W. GOEBEL, EMILY E. BRODSKY

SCIENCE31 AUG 2018 : 899-904 

The seismichazard distance from injection wells is dependent on rock type and fault density.

High-performanceperovskite/Cu(In,Ga)Se₂ monolithic tandem solarcells

BY QIFENG HAN, YAO-TSUNG HSIEH, LEI MENG, JYH-LIHWU, PENGYU SUN, EN-PING YAO, SHENG-YUNG CHANG, SANG-HOONBAE, TAKUYA KATO, VERONICA BERMUDEZ, YANG YANG

SCIENCE31 AUG 2018 : 904-908 

Optimization of the interconnectionregion between cells is crucial for high efficiency.

Directionalcontrol of a processive molecular hopper

BY YUJIA QING, SANDRA A. IONESCU, GÖKÇE SUPULCU, HAGAN BAYLEY

SCIENCE31 AUG 2018 : 908-912 

A single cargo molecule can be drivenback and forth on a track within a membrane-embedded protein pore.

Observation ofalkaline earth complexes M(CO)₈ (M = Ca,Sr, or Ba) that mimic transition metals

BY XUAN WU, LILI ZHAO, JIAYE JIN, SUDIP PAN, WEILI, XIAOYANG JIN, GUANJUN WANG, MINGFEI ZHOU, GERNOTFRENKING

SCIENCE31 AUG 2018 : 912-916 

Calcium, strontium, and barium donate electronsto coordinated carbonyls in a bonding motif reminiscent of transition metals.

Increase in croplosses to insect pests in a warming climate

BY CURTIS A. DEUTSCH, JOSHUA J. TEWKSBURY, MICHELLETIGCHELAAR, DAVID S. BATTISTI, SCOTT C. MERRILL, RAYMOND B.HUEY, ROSAMOND L. NAYLOR

SCIENCE31 AUG 2018 : 916-919 

Models of insect population growth andmetabolism in a warming climate predict losses of major food crops to insectpests.

Past and futureglobal transformation of terrestrial ecosystems under climate change

BY CONNOR NOLAN, JONATHAN T. OVERPECK, JUDY R. M.ALLEN, PATRICIA M. ANDERSON, JULIO L. BETANCOURT, HEATHER A.BINNEY, SIMON BREWER, MARK B. BUSH, BRIAN M. CHASE, RACHIDCHEDDADI, MORTEZA DJAMALI, JOHN DODSON, MARY E.EDWARDS, WILLIAM D. GOSLING, SIMON HABERLE, SARA C.HOTCHKISS, BRIAN HUNTLEY, SARAH J. IVORY, A. PETERKERSHAW, SOO-HYUN KIM, CLAUDIO LATORRE, MICHELLELEYDET, ANNE-MARIE LÉZINE, KAM-BIU LIU, YAO LIU, A. V.LOZHKIN, MATT S. MCGLONE, ROBERT A. MARCHANT, ARATAMOMOHARA, PATRICIO I. MORENO, STEFANIE MÜLLER, BETTE L.OTTO-BLIESNER, CAIMING SHEN, JANELLE STEVENSON, HIKARUTAKAHARA, PAVEL E. TARASOV, JOHN TIPTON, ANNIEVINCENS, CHENGYU WENG, QINGHAI XU, ZHUO ZHENG, STEPHEN T.JACKSON

SCIENCE31 AUG 2018 : 920-923 

Global vegetation change since the LastGlacial Maximum is used as an indicator of transformation under warmingscenarios.

Three-dimensionalgenome structures of single diploid human cells

BY LONGZHITAN, DONG XING, CHI-HAN CHANG, HENG LI, X. SUNNEY XIE

SCIENCE31 AUG 2018 : 924-928 

A single-cellchromatin conformation capture method employs transposon-based whole-genomeamplification to detect chromatin contacts.

TECHNICALCOMMENTS

Comment on“Unexpected reversal of C₃ versus C₄ grassresponse to elevated CO₂during a 20-year fieldexperiment”

BY MING NIE, JUNYU ZOU, XIAO XU, CHAOLIANG, CHANGMING FANG, BO LI

SCIENCE31 AUG 2018 

Comment on“Innovative scattering analysis shows that hydrophobic disordered proteins areexpanded in water”

BY ROBERTB. BEST, WENWEI ZHENG, ALESSANDRO BORGIA, KARIN BUHOLZER, MADELEINEB. BORGIA, HAGEN HOFMANN, ANDREA SORANNO, DANIELNETTELS, KLAUS GAST, ALEXANDER GRISHAEV, BENJAMIN SCHULER

SCIENCE31 AUG 2018 

Response toComment on “Innovative scattering analysis shows that hydrophobic disorderedproteins are expanded in water”

BY JOSHUAA. RIBACK, MICAYLA A. BOWMAN, ADAM ZMYSLOWSKI, CATHERINE R.KNOVEREK, JOHN JUMPER, EMILY B. KAYE, KARL F.FREED, PATRICIA L. CLARK, TOBIN R. SOSNICK

SCIENCE31 AUG 2018 

Comment on“Innovative scattering analysis shows that hydrophobic disordered proteins areexpanded in water”

BY GUSTAVOFUERTES, NICCOLO BANTERLE, KIERSTEN M. RUFF, ARITRACHOWDHURY, ROHIT V. PAPPU, DMITRI I. SVERGUN, EDWARD A. LEMKE

SCIENCE31 AUG 2018