点击蓝字
关注我们
哲学的故事——亚里士多德
编辑者：闫宇成29,30
【米利都学派】
天体学，宇宙大爆炸理论，反物质理论，进化论，热力学理论，日食月食现象，人类进化理论
【Thales 】：泰勒斯 ——米利都学派创始人，哲学之父，天文学家。
He was primarily an astronomer, who astonished the natives of Miletus by informing them that the sun and stars were merely balls of fire.
他告诉周围的人太阳和星星只不过是个大火球，这种说法让其他人震惊了。
【Anaximander】：泰勒斯的学生 ——宇宙起始，混沌一片，地球开端，汪洋大海
Universe had begun as an undifferentiated mass, from which all things had arisen by the separation of opposites; that astronmic history periodically repeated itself in the evolution and dissolution of an infinite number of worlds; that the earth was at rest in space by a balance of internal impulsions; that all our planets had once been fluid, but had been evaporated by the sun that life had first been formed in the sea, but had been driven upon the land by the subsidence of the water; that of these stranded animals some had developed the capacity to breathe air, and had so become the progenitors of all later land life.
宇宙起于混沌，是所有物质分裂与排斥的开始状态；天下生物，生久必死，死久必生；地球平静的外表下有内部的冲动；地球曾经一片汪洋，由于蒸发形成了现在的陆地；生命最初是在海洋里的，但是因为海水的消退，出现了陆生动物。最初的陆生的动物作为后期动物的祖先，逐渐发展了呼吸能力。
【Anaximenes】：另一个米利都学派的学生 ——物质有固液气三态，生命灵魂一体。
Life and soul were one, an animating and expansive force present in everything everywhere.
生命和灵魂是一体的，是一个被激活的、被扩展的力量，无处不在。
【Anaxagoras】：另一个米利都学派的学生 ——人类的发展是由于双手的解放
He seems to have given a correct explanation of solar and lunar eclipses;
He discovered the processes of respiration in plants and fishes;
He explained man's intelligence by the power of manipulation that came when the fore-limbs were freed from the tasks of locomotion.
他解释了日食月食；植物和鱼类的呼吸进程；双手的解放促进了人类智商发展。
Slowly, in these men, knowledge grew into science
知识，就这样，天文学，动物学慢慢变成了科学。
这些科学家都生活在公元前600多年，却有如此进步的思想，这些思想在现在看来都叹为观止！
其他学派
【Heraclitus】：赫拉克利特 ——万物皆流，世界起源于火。
All things forever flow and change, he said;even in the stillest matter there is unseen flux and movement.
万物皆流
Where there is no strife there is decay. In this flux of change and struggle and selection, only one thing is constant, and that is law.
哪里没有运动，哪里就会腐朽。在变化是世界中，唯一不变的就是变化
Cosmic history runs in repetitious cycles, each beginning and ending in fire.
宇宙会不断地自我毁灭，起于火，终于火。
【Empedocles】——物竞天择，适者生存
Organs arise not by design but by selection.
物竞天择，适者生存
As time goes on, organism are more and more intricately and successfully adapted to their surroundings.
由于需要不断适应环境，有机体会随着时间的迁移变得精密复杂。
【Leucippus】——推动力
Every thing is driven by necessity
任何事都是被需要而发展。
【Democritus】——原子论
In reality,there are only atoms and the void. Perception is due or have been or will be an infinite number of worlds; at every moment planets are colliding and dying, and new worlds are rising out of chaos by the selective aggregation of atoms of similar size and shape.
实际上，世界只有原子和虚无。天下大势，分久必合，合久必分。混乱与秩序相互转化。
There is no design; the universe is a machine.
没有上帝的设计，宇宙自己就是一个机器。
【一和多，动和静】 ——古希腊研究的主线。
毛泽东思想最强悍的部分运动，矛盾，实践。毛泽东哲学，一言以蔽之：
世界是东西（物质），东西是动弹的（运动），动弹是有下（ha）数的（规律），下数是有抓挖的（掌握）。
感谢您的支持鼓励，我会继续努力的!
文章地址：
用户邮箱：
打赏金额：USDT
点击”去打赏“，即可进行打赏支持本文章哦
