Who is more powerful, Russia or China?

俄罗斯和中国谁更强大?

Quora评论翻译：

来源：三泰虎 http://www.santaihu.com/46098.html    译者：Jessica.Wu

外文：https://www.quora.com/Who-is-more-powerful-Russia-or-China

Ivan Alexeevich

1stEconomy - China is an obvious winner, so Russia 0–1 China.

2ndMilitary - Russia has approximately the same amount of nukes as the whole NATO combined, plus Russian weaponary is the 2nd most advanced in the world. Russia 1–1 China

3rdPopulation - no comment. Russia 1–2 China.

4thTechnology. Russia is superior in space tech, China is better in IT sector, so Russia 2–3 China

5thTerritory - this is obvious. Russia 3–3 China.

6thEnergy - Russia is in world’s top for exporting natural resources, plus it is a leader in nuclear energy. Russia 4–3 China.

7thInfluece - both are the main players in their regions, both are the key members of SCO and BRICS. Russia 5–4 China.

8thQuality of life - in average, Russia is wealthier. Russia 6–4 China

9thCulture - China is one of the oldest civilizations on the whole earth. Russia 6–5 China.

10thInfrastructure - China is superior here. Russia 6–6 China.

Conclusion - overall, both are equally important players on the international arena. Hope this helps.

1.经济：中国显然是赢家，所以俄罗斯VS中国：0:1

2.军事：俄罗斯拥有的核武器数量几乎相当于整个北约的总和，加上俄罗斯的武器装备是世界上第二先进的。俄罗斯VS中国：1:1

3.人口：不用多说了。俄罗斯VS中国：1:2

4.技术：俄罗斯在航天技术上领先，中国在IT领域领先。俄罗斯VS中国：2:3

5.领土：这是显而易见的。俄罗斯VS中国：3:3

6.能源：俄罗斯是世界上最大的自然资源出口国，同时也是核能领导者。俄罗斯VS中国：4:3

7.影响力：两国都是本地区的主要参与者，都是上海合作组织和金砖国家的重要成员。俄罗斯VS中国：5:4:

8.生活质量：平均而言，俄罗斯人更富有。俄罗斯VS中国：6:4

9.文化：中国是世界上最古老的文明之一。俄罗斯VS中国：6:5

10 .础设施：中国在这方面更胜一筹。俄罗斯VS中国：6:6

总结：总的来说，两国都是国际舞台上同等重要的参与者。

Anonymous

Powerful? It depends on what type of Power:

强大?这取决于在哪方面：

Political: Though both the nations have UN Veto power, any nation be it China, UK, Japan, India etc... etc... etc... Have to follow either the US or Russia in the UN... No one can take an alternate route other than to abstain. Did the US ever stop worry about external comments before invading Gulf or Did Russia ever worry to land in Syria, Georgia or snatch Crimea?

政治方面：虽然这两个国家都有联合国否决权，但任何国家，无论是中国、英国、日本、印度等等必须在联合国跟随美国或俄罗斯。除了弃权以外，没有人能选另一条路。在入侵海湾国家之前，美国有没有停止过对外界言论的担忧?俄罗斯有没有担心过登陆叙利亚、格鲁吉亚或夺取克里米亚?

Defense: No country can ever become as equal, sophisticated and powerful than the US or Russia. Both Super Powers would always retain their places unless the current alignment changes which doesn't seem possible anytime sooner. Russia has become weaker both economically and in weaponry post the Soviet collapse, yet China nor any other nation are still not closer to them no-matter what. Russia is like an Army major while nations like China are still those who are young recruits who have a lot to learn.

国防方面：没有哪个国家能像美国或俄罗斯那样老练和强大。这两个超级大国将永远保持各自的位置，除非当前的结盟发生改变，而这似乎在任何时候都不太可能。在苏联解体后，俄罗斯在经济和武器装备方面都变得越来越弱，但无论如何，中国和任何其他国家仍然没有接近他们的水平。俄罗斯就像一个陆军少校，而像中国这样的国家仍然是年轻的新兵，有很多东西要学习。

Science: Though Countries like India, China etc are competing both in Space and Science they have a lot way to go to achieve what Russia and USA have achieved. Though not impossible, it would take a long long time for other nations to even individually send man to space or build a space station on their own with their own with their own technology and conduct research on them.

科学方面：尽管像印度、中国等国家都在太空和科学上竞争，但要达到俄罗斯和美国的成就，他们还有很长的路要走。虽然并非不可能，但其他国家甚至需要很长时间才能独自将人类送入太空，或用自己的技术建立一个空间站，并在上面开展研究。

Linus Skov, I live in Europe and I'm loving it

I'm going to say China, because it beats Russia in every factor that could affect international politics. China has a much larger population (10x that of Russia) and therefore also a lot more cultural influence (soft-power) in the neighbouring region. While it's certainly still influenced by Western culture, China has it's own version of pretty much every heritage that we think of as unique to Western culture. Russia is much more tied to European culture than any East Asian nation ever will be, because 70% of Russia's population live in Europe.

我觉得是中国，因为它在任何可能影响国际政治的因素上都胜过俄罗斯。中国的人口比俄罗斯多10倍，因此在周边地区也有更多的文化影响力(软实力)。虽然中国仍然受到西方文化的影响，但中国拥有自己的文化传统，我们认为这是区别于西方文化的独特之处。俄罗斯与欧洲文化的联系比任何东亚国家都要密切得多，因为俄罗斯70%的人口生活在欧洲。

China has a more populous and military. It's technology and training still doesn't match the US, but China certainly rivals Russia in what matters most in modern warfare: power projeciton. It's also worth noting that Russia's military are suffering from demographic torubles, which is the reason that foreign nationals are now able to enter the armed forces.

中国有更多的人口和军队。在技术和训练方面，中国仍无法与美国匹敌，但在现代战争中最重要的问题上，中国肯定能与俄罗斯匹敌：能源项目。同样值得注意的是，俄罗斯军队正遭受着人口问题的困扰，这也是外国公民现在能够进入军队的原因。

China has more allies, even though it never gets close to the Western alliance system of the EU, the Anglosphere, Japan, South Korea and the Gulf States. Russia's geopolitical area of influence isn't really something to be proud of. Even though it has good diplomatic relations with a number of nations, it's only has actual influence on five rather insignificant nations :(on the international stage, that is) Armenia, Belarus, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan and Kazahstan (members of the Eurasian Economic Union and the Collective Security Treaty Organization)

中国有更多的盟友，尽管它从未接近过西方联盟体系中的欧盟、英语圈、日本、韩国和海湾国家。俄罗斯的地缘政治影响力实在不是什么值得骄傲的事情。尽管它与一些国家有着良好的外交关系，但它只对五个相当不起眼的国家有实际影响：即亚美尼亚、白俄罗斯、塔吉克斯坦、吉尔吉斯斯坦和哈萨克斯坦(欧亚经济联盟和集体安全条约组织的成员国)

China obviously also beats the living daylights out of Russia in industrial capacity and economic health. China has a much larger and more stable economy, that notably isn't in a recession, unlike Russia's. China has behaved lately and has much better relations with the West, meaning no sanctions from the world's largest economies, which has been one of Russia's great perils.

显然，中国在工业产能和经济健康方面也超过了俄罗斯。中国的经济规模要大得多，也更稳定。与俄罗斯不同，中国经济明显没有陷入衰退。中国最近和西方的关系要好得多，这意味着没有来自世界最大经济体的制裁，然而这是俄罗斯面临的一大风险。

Overall, I'd say China is much more influential on the world stage, even when it doesn't attempt to intervene in conflicts and expand it's area of influence.

总的来说，我认为中国在世界舞台上的影响力要大得多，即使它不试图干预冲突并扩大自己的影响力。

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Alex Jouravlev, From 0 to 30 in Russia. A long time ago.

Russia is stronger in nuclear strike, and has much superior in second strike capability. She still has better weaponry - however China is catching up, and possibly stronger elite forces - definitely more experienced.

俄罗斯在核打击方面更强，并且具有较强的二次打击能力。俄罗斯也拥有更好的武器装，尽管中国正在追赶，而且可能有更强大更有经验的精锐部队。

As far as economic power and influence go, China is stronger by far. They are not in the same category, really. Not only other countries seek Chinese investments, they increasingly want China to do things for them.

就经济实力和经济影响力而言，到目前为止中国要强大得多。他们真的不在同一个档次。其他国家不仅在寻求中国的投资，他们也越来越希望中国为他们生产东西。

Ability to execute is once again incomparable. If Russia asked China to build a brindge or tunnel to Crimea, it would be possibly ready by now.

执行能力也无法相比。如果俄罗斯要求中国修建一条通往克里米亚的铁路或隧道，现在可能已经完工了。

Russia is a Democracy and China is not, however I would not be surprised if better control of corruption in China and higher prosperity make it up for that. Especially considering how compromised Russian Democracy is.

俄罗斯是一个民主国家，而中国不是。不过，如果中国能更好地控制腐败并实现更高水平的繁荣，我也不会感到意外。尤其是考虑到俄罗斯的民主是多么的脆弱。

As far as governance and strategic vision, China is also leagues ahead. In projection of power, China leads with economy - something Russians don't even understand, and try to show military might while capital is running away and 3/4 of all financing is likely getting stolen.

在治理和战略愿景方面，中国也处于领先地位。在实力投射方面，中国在经济上领先——俄罗斯人甚至不了解这一点，他们在资本外逃、3/4的资金可能被窃取的情况下，还在试图展示军事实力。

 

Alexandre Bazdyrev, Degree in international economy. Working in international trade for 15 years.

As an entity China is far more powerful than Russia. This is admitted by everyone in Russia starting with Putin, who mentioned that Russia has to step away, while the world is in the hands of US and China. We are a second tier country belonging to BRICS.

Average Russian is still wealthier than average Chinese. But average Luxembourgian is wealthier than almost anyone else in the world, which doesn't make Luxembourg the most powerful state in the world.

中国比俄罗斯强大得多。从普京开始，所有俄罗斯人都承认这一点。普京曾提到，俄罗斯必须抽身退步，世界掌握在美国和中国手中。我们是金砖国家的二线国家。

平均而言，俄罗斯人仍然比中国人富有。但卢森堡人比世界上任何人都富有，这并不意味着卢森堡是世界上最强大的国家。

 

Andrew Huang

Better is a term you can never use to describe a country, as it is heavily opinion based. Stronger, however, is more measurable.

你永远不能用Better（更好）这个词来形容一个国家，因为这个词有很强的舆论基础。然而，“更强的”则是更容易衡量的。

Economy: China

Military: About equal

Nuclear armament: Enough to blast enough into glass, so equal

Average wealth: Russia, but not for long

Education: China

Technology: Russia, but China is catching up really quick

Research and Development: China

History: China has more history, by far

Cultural integrity: China, by far. Russia has been greatly affected by predominantly Western European culture and its own has diminished significantly

Land mass: Russia, by far

Population: China, by far

Allies: China

Global political power: China (Russia is a major player in Europe, but only China can literally strangle world trade with some heavy tariffs, although doing so would be suicidal, but the fact that they actually have the power to do so shows that China is stronger in this regard)

(China) 8: 3 (Russia)

China is stronger overall

经济：中国

军事：相当

核军备：相当

平均财富：俄罗斯，但不会持续太久

教育：中国

技术：俄罗斯，但中国正在迅速赶上

研发：中国

历史：目前为止，中国的历史更悠久

文化完整性：目前为止，中国。俄罗斯受西欧文化的影响很大，俄罗斯自己的文化也大大削弱。

陆地：目前为止，俄罗斯

人口：目前为止，中国

盟友：中国

全球政治实力：中国(俄罗斯是欧洲的主要参与者，但只有中国可以通过征收高额关税来遏制世界贸易，尽管这样做会自取灭亡，但他们实际上有能力这么做，这表明中国在这方面更强大)

中国VS俄罗斯：8:3

总体上，中国更强大。

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Satish Dubey, Compliance Manager at One of Largest Companies in the World (2007-present)

If military power is what we are comparing, in my opinion, Russia is many times more powerful than China. Russia has been one of the original designer and developer for many world class weapon systems (for use on land, air, and water) and has been selling them to other countries for many years now. China, though it has the largest armed forces in the world, packs more gas than fire power!!! Russia is the only formidable competition to the United States when it comes to military power.

如果我们比较的是军事力量，在我看来，俄罗斯比中国强大很多倍。俄罗斯是许多世界级武器系统(用于陆地、空中和水上)的最初设计者和开发者之一，多年来一直向其他国家出售这些武器系统。中国虽然拥有世界上最大的武装力量，但中国消耗的天然气比火力还多!!!在军事实力方面，俄罗斯是美国唯一强大的竞争对手。

If we consider money or economic power, then China seems more powerful than Russia. In fact, the economic clout of China scares even the Americans. Chinese investment in US Treasury Bonds is over 1 Trillion Dollars - that’s almost 7% of US National Debt and around 20% of US Debt held overseas!!! Most of the American manufacturing is dependent on China.

如果我们考虑资金或经济实力，那么中国似乎比俄罗斯更强大。事实上，中国的经济影响力甚至吓到了美国人。中国对美国国债的投资超过1万亿美元——几乎占美国国债的7%，约占美国海外债务的20% !!!美国的大部分制造业都依赖于中国。

BTW - Russia and China have very friendly relations (so despite the difference in their military power, a war between these 2 countries is not expected).

顺便说一句，俄罗斯和中国的关系非常友好(尽管两国的军事实力不同，但两国之间的战争是不可能发生的)。

George Vukovich, Traveled throughout Europe, especially Eastern Europe

If you are looking only at the military aspect, then Russia is just way more modern and experienced, hence stronger. If you are looking at the economic aspect, China is stronger and getting even stronger. Both countries depend on one another. Otherwise………:

如果你只看军事方面，那么俄罗斯只是更现代化和更有经验，因此更强大。如果你从经济的角度来看，中国更强大，而且越来越强大。所以两国是相互依存的。

Russia has more natural resources (than any other country in the world), their military capabilities are pretty good, almost non-existent national debt and huge foreign and domestic deposits. However, they need to work on expanding to various aspects of economy and industries that support that economy. Once that is done (and it is already

China has few natural resources, their military capabilities are definitely on the rise and getting better, but are behind Russia, due to lack of military intervention in foreign wars. They also have almost no national debt, growing industry in almost every category, which will be dominant in the world within 25 years or less. However, they will soon have a problem with a growing retiring population with not enough workforce to replace those that have retired.

俄罗斯拥有比世界上任何其他国家都多的自然资源，他们的军事实力相当不错，几乎没有国家债务，而且还有巨大的国内外存款。然而，他们需要努力扩展到经济的各个方面和支持经济的产业。中国的自然资源更少，但军事实力肯定在上升，而且在不断提高。由于缺乏对外国战争的军事干预，中国在这方面落后于俄罗斯。中国也几乎没有国家债务，几乎所有行业都在增长，在25年左右的时间内将在全球占据主导地位。然而，他们很快就会面临一个问题，即越来越多的退休人口，没有足够的劳动力来取代那些已经退休的人。

These two countries depend on one another in many aspects (military, economy and expansion of their economies domestically and internationally).

这两个国家在许多方面相互依赖(军事、经济、国内和国际经济扩张)。

Shravan B, Electronics Engineer

Economically: China

Defence: Russia

Politically: Russia

Technologically: Russia

Manpower: China

Even though China is an emerging superpower it is no match to the battle hardened Russia.

The only advantage China has is its economical power derived through years of export. Even though China has comparably more man power,Russian army is more sophisticated,experienced and powerful.

China might be technologically superior to Russia in some fields but in warfare technology no country except maybe US is a match to Russia’s weapons.

But in the future due to its abundant money China might become a nation more powerful than Russia but for now Russia is the powerful force among these two.

经济：中国

国防：俄罗斯

政治：俄罗斯

技术：俄罗斯

人力资源：中国

尽管中国是一个新兴的超级大国，但它无法与久经沙场的俄罗斯相抗衡。

中国唯一的优势是多年的出口带来的经济实力。尽管中国的人力资源相对更丰富，但俄罗斯军队更老练、更有经验、更强大。

在某些领域，中国在技术上可能比俄罗斯优越，但在战争技术上，除了美国以外，没有任何国家能与俄罗斯的武器相匹敌。

但在未来，由于其充裕的资金，中国可能会成为一个比俄罗斯更强大的国家，但就目前而言，俄罗斯是这两个国家中的强者。

Alexander Novikov, Russian citizen living in European Union

Russia isn’t powerful in anything except nukes. And nukes are a thing you can (meaningfully) use just once, and that’s the end of everything. Also it’s not really hard to make nukes, every developed nation could make as many as it wanted, they just don’t need to because they know it’s destabilising.

Economically Russia has no power at all. It had some market power in gas markets and some very limited on in oil markets 10 years ago, but now it’s gone since Europe built enough regasification terminals to supply itself from either side at will, reversing the table. Apart from raw energy, there is absolutely nothing to mention that Russia could offer to the world.

Try comparing exports and imports of Germany and Russia (volumes, partners and commodities) and it will be clear which country is more important (in raw GDP terms, they are equal, but it’s a great way to demonstrate that raw GDP isn’t everything).

除了核武器，俄罗斯在哪方面都不强大。核武器是一种(有意义地)只能使用一次的东西，这是一切的终结。而且制造核武器并不难，每个发达国家都可以制造出他们想要的数量，他们只是不需要，因为他们知道这会破坏稳定。

在经济上，俄罗斯完全没实力。10年前，它在天然气市场上有一定的市场势力，在石油市场上的实力也很有限，但现在这些已经不复存在，因为欧洲建造了足够多的再气化终端，可以随意从任何一方得到供应，扭转了局面。除了原始能源，俄罗斯完全没有什么可以向世界提供的。

试着比较德国和俄罗斯的出口和进口(数量、合作伙伴和大宗商品)，就会清楚哪个国家更重要(从原始GDP来看，它们是平等的，但这是一个很好的方式来证明原始GDP不代表一切)。