Makes and Models of World's Biggest Automobile Companies-八卦帝

Starting from makes and models, I'll gradually get to know your condensers and evaporators and eventually see through every pieces of you.

Toyota-Japan

Toyotawas the largest automobile manufacturer in 2015 ahead of the Volkswagen andMercedes-Benz.,it produces vehicles under five brands, including the Toyotabrand, Hino, Lexus, Ranz, and Daihatsu.

1. Toyota

Cars&minivans:yaris,colorra,camry,avalon,sienna

Trucks:tacoma,tundra

Crossovers&SUVs:c-hr,rav4,highlander,4runner,sequoia,landcruiser

Hybrids&FCVs:prius prime

Notes：Hybrid：两种动力来源，汽油或者柴油产生的热动力源&电池与电动机产生的电动力源。FCV：电池是经过氢气和氧气化学作用获得能量，而不是燃烧，属于电动汽车中的一种

2. Lexus: 连续11年位居美国豪车销量第一

Sedans：IS,LS,ES,GS

SUVs：NX,GX,RX,LX

Coupes:RC,LC

Hybrid:NX,RX,EX,GX,LX

Performance:RC,GS,LC,performance

Notes：a Japanese company that is the best-sellingJapanese premium makes and quickly becoming a strong competitors to Benz,BMWand Audi. sedan：以前欧洲豪华马车叫sedan，后来closed car也叫sedan,一般为注重舒适和实用的四门。Coupes:注重驾驶的双门硬顶跑车。

3. Scion:USA-only division,2003年建立，2016年defunct

Scion XB已经停产

4. Daihatsu

foucus on small cars, andmainly in indonesia&malaysiamarket

Volkswagen-Germany

It is theflagship marque of the Volkswagen Group, the largest automaker by worldwidesales in 2016.

1. VW

Sedans:jetta, passat

SUVs:tiguan, atlas,

Wagons:golf sport wagon, golf alltrack

Compact:beetle, golf, golf GIT, e-golf, golf R

Convertibles:beetle convertibles

Notes:wagon: 以轿车为基础，有点像SUV，但是把后备箱加高与车顶齐平，国内叫旅行车，在国外很流行，在国内不太流行。

2. Audi AG

A1-A8（除了2），Q2,Q3,Q5,Q7,TT, RS, R8, A3 sportback etron, Q7etron quattra

Note: aGermany company famous for luxury vehicles. sportback:掀背跑车，有点像coupe和avant, 是奥迪御用词。Avant:旅行车。

3. Lamborghini

Urus, huracan, aventador, one-off (centenario roadster, centenario,veneno roadster), concept (asterion estoque)

Note: aItalian brand manufacturing luxury supercars, SUVs and sports cars

4. Bentley

Continental,mulsanne, flying spur, bentayga

Note: aBritish company well-known for luxury motorcars which are mostly hand-built

5.Bugatti

Note: a French company renowned for producing exclusivesports cars

6.Man SE

Trucks:man TGS, TGX, TGM, TGL

Buses:

Van:

Neoplan: 尼奥普兰巴士公司

Note: MANis a Germany company famous for heavy trucks. van：小货车，没有开顶后车厢。

7.Porsche

718:cayman models, boxster models, GTS models

911:carreramodels, carrera T, targa 4 models, turbo models, turbo s exclusive series, GTSmodels, GT3 models，GT2 RS

Panamera,macan, cayenne, e-performance

Note: aGerman auto company specializes in high-performance sports cars, SUVs and sedans.

8.SEAT

Sedans:toledo

Familycar: new leon ST, alhambra

Sport:new leon SC, new leon cupra, cupra R limited edition

SUV: newarona, ateca, new leon X perience

Hatchback:Mii, new ibiza, new leon, new leon SC

Note：SEAT is a Spanish company. Hatchback:掀背式车，两厢车，与sedan的区别在于sedan多了第三节车厢。Family cars: 大多数是sedan和hatchback，是统称。

9.Ducati: whose parent is Audi, whose owner is VW

摩托车

GeneralMotors-USA

1.Chevrolet

Cars: Spark,Sonic, Cruze, Malibu, Impala

Electric:Volt, Bolt EV

Performance:camaro, corvette stingray, corvette grand sport, corvette Z06, corvette ZR1,motorsports

Crossovers& SUV: TRAX, equinox, traverse, tahoe, suburban

Trucks: Colorado,Silverado 1500, Silverado 2500HD, Silverado 3500HD

Commercial: Colorado,Silverado 1500, express cutaway, express cargo, express passenger, SilveradoHD, low cab forward, Silverado chassiscab

Note: aAmerican brand that outsold its main rival Ford in 2005 in Norh America. cargo:拉货车

2.Buick

Cars: regalsportback, lacrosse, cascada, regal GS

Crossovers&SUVs: encore, regal tourx, envision, enclave

Avenir line:lackross avenir, enclave avenir

Note: aAmerican brand marked as premium vehicles positioned above GM’s mainstreamChevrolet while below Cadillac.

3.GMC

Trucks:canyon, sierra 1500, sierra HD

SUVs: terrain,acadia, Yukon

Denali line: terraindelani, canyon denali, acadia denali

Commercial: savannapassenger, savanna cargo, savanna cutaway, sierra carssis HD cab

Note: aAmerican company, a division of GM LLC

4.Opel

Adam,ampera-E, astra, astra limousine, corsa, crossland X, cascada, grandland X,GTC, insignia, karl, mokka X, zafira, combo, vivara, movamo

Note: opel isa German company, and opel and Vauxhall are sold in these two namesrespectively in USA and British

5.Vauxhall

Small: viva,new viva rocks, adam, adam rocks, adam S, corsa (3-door and 5-door)

Hatchback:astra, GTC, insignia grand sport

SUV: crosslandX, grandland X, mokka X

7 seater:zafira tourer

Estate: estrasports tourer, insignia sports tourer, insignia country tourer

Van: corsavan,combo, vivaro, movano, movano conversions

Note: vauxhall,the second-largest selling brand in UK, is a subsidiary company of Opel.

旅行轿车在美国称station wagon,在英国称estate ca, 在德国叫kombi，在意大利叫familiale，法国称break

6.Cadillac

Coupes: ATscoupe, ATS-V coupe

Sedans: ATSsedan, ATS-V sedan, CTS sedan, CTS-V sedan, XTS sedan, CT6 sedan, CT6-plug-in

Crossovers&SUVs:XT5 crossovers, escalade

V-series:ATS-V coupe, ATS-V sedan, CTS-V sedan

Plug-inHybrid: CT6 plug-in

Note: aAmerican company, distributed 34 countries, sells mainly in North America,Canada and China

7.Holden

Small: astrahatch, astra sedan, astra sportwagon, barina, spark, trax

Hatchback：astra hatch, barina, spark

Note: an Australiancompany. Hatchback:两厢车，因为后备箱和旅客箱相连，但是旅行版会把后面的后备箱抬高与车顶齐平

8.HSV: whoseparent is Holden, whose owner is GMC

Colaradosportcat, chevrolet silverado, chevrolet camaro, HSV gen F2

Note：HSV: holdenspecial vehicles, retailed under chevrolet, vauxhall (other than in new zealandand singapore) and holden

9.Wuling

SUV: baojun530, baojun 560, baojun510

MPV：五菱宏光S3，宝骏730，五菱宏光S1，五菱宏光S

轿车：Baojun310，baojun310W

新能源车：baojunE100

微车：荣光系列，之光系列，微货

Note:MPV:multi-purpose vehicle多功能用车，微车：全称为微型汽车，主要为小型轿车和小型面包车，一般为A型车中的A00级，2-2.3米，通常情况下排量小于1.6升，价格低，油耗低，停放方便。

Baojun

Note: 宝骏是上汽&通用五菱合资公司自主研发的产品,SGMV研发

Faw

轿车：红旗（L5,H7,H5）,奔腾（B90,B70,B50,B30）,骏派（A70E,A70,A50）

SUV：奔腾(X80，X40），森雅R7智能网联版，骏派D60

卡车：解放J6（6X4牵引车，LNG牵引车，M8X4自卸车，X4LNG自卸车，L4X2自卸车），解放T80

Note:firstautomotive works 中国一汽，牵引车&挂车：前面有驱动能力的叫牵引车，后面没有驱动能力的叫挂车，挂车被牵引车拉着走，挂车又分为全挂和半挂，全挂可以独自支撑，半挂不能独立支撑。自卸车：自带升降柱的货运车，一般运输零散货物。

5.Maven：通用自主品牌

Note: Maven: 类似于zipcar, car2go，sidecar 的共享租车

6.Pontiac: 该品牌已经消失

G(3,5,6,8),solstice, torrent, vibe

Note：Oldsmobile2004年停产

Ford-USA

Ford,along with GM and Chrysler were known as “the big three” automakers in Detroit

1.Ford

Cars:fiesta, focus, fusion, C-Max, mustang

SUVs&crossover: ecosport, ford escape, transit connect passenger wagon, edge, flex,explorer, expedition

Trucks&vans:transit connect, ford F-150, transit passenger wagon, super duty

Hybrids&EVs:c-max hybrid SE, fusion hybrid SE, C-MAX enegi se, ford focus electric, fusionenergi se

Commercialvehicles: transit connect, stripped chassis, transit chassis cab and cutaway,e-series cutaway, transit cargo van, super duty, chassis cab, F-650-750

Performancevehicles: fiesta st, ford focus st, ford focus RS, ford f-150 raptor, mustangshelby gt350, ford GT

Note: EV:代表纯电动车，即electric vehicle. HEV: hybrid EV，混合动力汽车。 PHEV: plug-in HEV, 插电式混合动力汽车。

2.Lincoln